Split-arm swinging: the effect of arm swinging manipulation on interlimb coordination during walking

Dynamic arm swinging in human walking.

Humans tend to swing their arms when they walk, a curious behaviour since the arms play no obvious role in bipedal gait. It might be costly to use muscles to swing the arms, and it is unclear whether potential benefits elsewhere in the body would justify such costs. To examine these costs and benefits, we developed a passive dynamic walking model with free-swinging arms. Even with no torques dr...

The swinging lever-arm hypothesis of muscle contraction

The molecular mechanism of muscle contraction is a problem that has exercised biophysicists and biochemists for many years. The common view of the mechanism is embodied in the 'cross-bridge hypothesis', in which the relative sliding of thick (myosin) and thin (actin) filaments in cross-striated muscle is brought about by the 'cross-bridges', parts of the myosin molecules which protrude from the...

Multi-enzyme complexes on DNA scaffolds capable of substrate channeling with an artificial swinging arm

the effect of e-64 on the developmental competence of sheep cocs during in vitro maturation

in the present study, the effect of e-64 at different concentrations (0.5, 1, 5 and 10 µm) added to (1) the ivm medium on oocyte nuclear maturation and developmental competence of ovine oocytes, and (2) to the ivc medium on embryonic development of ovine embryos were investigated.

Multi-enzyme complexes on DNA scaffolds capable of substrate channelling with an artificial swinging arm.

Swinging arms are a key functional component of multistep catalytic transformations in many naturally occurring multi-enzyme complexes. This arm is typically a prosthetic chemical group that is covalently attached to the enzyme complex via a flexible linker, allowing the direct transfer of substrate molecules between multiple active sites within the complex. Mimicking this method of substrate c...